In household appliances (special-shaped) sheet metal parts processing, controlling dimensional accuracy error is the key to ensuring product quality and assembly adaptability. It is necessary to carry out refined management of the entire process from preparation before processing, control of the processing process to inspection after processing. First of all, the accuracy of the processing drawings is the basic guarantee. Special-shaped sheet metal parts have complex shapes, and any ambiguity or errors on the drawings may lead to deviations in subsequent processing. Designers need to use high-precision 3D modeling software, fully consider the assembly requirements and functional characteristics of household appliances, accurately design every detail of the sheet metal parts, ensure that the dimensions on the drawings are clear and accurate, and mark the tolerance range of key dimensions to provide clear standards for subsequent processing.
Material selection and pretreatment will also directly affect dimensional accuracy. Sheet metal materials of different materials have different physical properties such as ductility, hardness, thermal expansion coefficient, etc., and the degree of deformation during processing is also different. Therefore, according to the use requirements and processing technology of special-shaped sheet metal parts, it is necessary to select suitable materials and pre-treat the materials. For example, through leveling, stress relief annealing and other processes, the residual stress inside the material can be eliminated, and the deformation caused by stress release during processing can be reduced. At the same time, the thickness tolerance of the material is strictly controlled to ensure that the material thickness is uniform and consistent, laying the foundation for precise processing.
The accuracy of processing equipment and molds is an important factor in determining dimensional errors. Household appliances (special-shaped) sheet metal parts processing often requires the use of advanced equipment such as CNC bending machines and laser cutting machines. The performance and accuracy of these equipment directly affect the processing quality. Regularly maintain and calibrate the equipment, check the operating status of key components such as the transmission system and control system of the equipment, and ensure that the equipment can operate stably and accurately. In addition, the design and manufacture of molds are also crucial. According to the special shape of special-shaped sheet metal parts, a reasonable mold structure is designed, and the mold is manufactured using high-precision processing technology to ensure the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the mold. During the use of the mold, the residue on the mold surface should be cleaned in time to prevent impurities from affecting the closing accuracy of the mold, thereby causing dimensional errors of sheet metal parts.
The optimization and control of processing parameters play a core role in the entire processing process. In the laser cutting process, the settings of parameters such as laser power, cutting speed, and focal position directly affect the accuracy and quality of the cutting edge. It is necessary to determine the best cutting parameters according to the type and thickness of the sheet metal material through experiments and experience summary to avoid problems such as cutting deformation and excessive burrs. During bending processing, parameters such as bending angle, bending sequence, and pressing speed also need to be precisely controlled. Use a CNC bending machine and use its programming function to pre-set the bending parameters and bending path to ensure the consistency of each bending and reduce errors caused by human operation. At the same time, during the processing, the key dimensions are monitored in real time, and once deviations are found, the process parameters are adjusted in time.
The skill level and quality awareness of the operator should also not be ignored. Household appliances (special-shaped) sheet metal parts processing has high technical requirements for operators. Operators must not only be familiar with the operation methods and processing technology of the equipment, but also have rich practical experience and good quality awareness. Strengthen the training of operators so that they can master advanced processing technology and error control methods and improve the proficiency and accuracy of operations. At the same time, a strict quality management system is established to clarify the quality responsibilities of operators, encourage operators to actively check and control dimensional accuracy during the processing process, and promptly feedback and deal with the problems found, so as to reduce the occurrence of dimensional errors from the human factor level.
The inspection and correction link after processing is the last line of defense to ensure dimensional accuracy. Use professional measuring tools, such as three-coordinate measuring instruments, calipers, etc., to conduct comprehensive inspections on the key dimensions of sheet metal parts, compare the inspection results with the requirements of the drawings, and determine whether the dimensional error is within the allowable range. For sheet metal parts that exceed the tolerance range, analyze the causes of the errors and take corresponding corrective measures. For example, for slight deformations, adjustments can be made by mechanical correction or manual correction; for sheet metal parts with large errors, reprocessing is required. Through strict inspection and correction, ensure that the dimensional accuracy of each special-shaped sheet metal part of home appliances meets the requirements.
Establishing a complete quality traceability system will help to continuously improve dimensional accuracy control. Record every link in the processing process, including raw material batches, processing equipment, operators, process parameters and other information in detail. Once a dimensional accuracy problem is found, the traceability system can be used to quickly locate the link and cause of the problem, summarize experience and lessons, take targeted improvement measures, optimize processing technology and management processes, and continuously improve the dimensional accuracy control level of household appliances (special-shaped) sheet metal parts processing, providing a strong guarantee for the high-quality production of household appliances.
